Igor an impressive Cat 4; 92L running out of time to develop; Julia forms
There are few sights in the natural world more impressive than a hurricane near maximum intensity. Hurricane Igor certainly fits that description this morning, as it flirts with Category 5 strength in the Central Atlantic. Igor's rapid intensification burst brought the mighty hurricane's winds to 150 mph, just shy of the 156 mph threshold for Category 5 status. Igor is the strongest hurricane in the Atlantic in three years. The last hurricane stronger that Igor was Category 5 Hurricane Felix of 2007.
Figure 1. Morning satellite image of Igor.
Intensity forecast for Igor
Wind shear is low, 5 - 10 knots, and is expected to remain low for the next four days. Waters are warm, 28.5°C, and will warm to 29°C by Wednesday. Igor has moistened its environment enough to keep the dry air of the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) at bay. These conditions should allow Igor to remain at major hurricane status for the next four days. The hurricane will probably undergo one of the usual eyewall replacement cycles intense hurricanes commonly have, where the eyewall collapses and a new eyewall forms from an outer spiral band. This will weaken the hurricane by 10 - 20 mph when it occurs, but Igor will probably regain its lost intensity when the cycle completes. There's no evidence that an eyewall replacement cycle is imminent today, so Igor could potentially strengthen a bit more. However, I believe Igor has peaked, and will not reach Category 5 status today. By Saturday, when Igor should be nearing Bermuda, the trough of low pressure steering Igor northwestwards should bring moderate wind shear of 10 - 20 knots to the storm, weakening it.
Track forecast for Igor
The track forecast for Igor remains unchanged. Igor will move west under the influence of a strong ridge of high pressure until Tuesday morning, then turn more to the west-northwest then northwest in response to the steering influence of a broad trough of low pressure moving across the Western Atlantic on Tuesday and Wednesday. This should allow Igor to pass several hundred miles to the northeast of the Lesser Antilles. In the longer range, Igor appears likely to be a threat to Bermuda, and that island can expect tropical storm force winds as early as Friday. Igor does have a small chance of making landfall on the U.S. East Coast or Canada. Climatology shows that about 15% of all tropical cyclones that have existed at Igor's current position have gone on to hit the U.S. East Coast; these odds are about 10% for Bermuda and 10% for Canada. The forecast steering pattern for the period 5 - 10 days from now from the ECMWF and GFS models shows a continuation of the pattern we've seen all hurricane season, with regular strong troughs of low pressure moving off the U.S. East Coast. This pattern favors Igor eventually recurving out to sea without hitting the U.S. or Canada. While the trough expected to recurve Igor out to sea is not as sharp as the troughs that recurved Danielle, Earl, and Fiona, it should still be strong enough to keep Igor from hitting the U.S. However, Newfoundland, Canada could see a close pass. An examination of the tracks of the ten major September hurricanes that have passed closest to Igor's current location (Figure 2) reveals that one of these hurricanes went on to hit the Bahamas and Florida as a Category 2 storm, and another hit Newfoundland as a Category 1 storm. The other eight missed land. One wild card may be the intensification of Julia behind Igor. If Julia develops into a hurricane and moves close to Igor, as some of the models are suggesting, the two hurricanes could interact, affecting the track of Igor unpredictable ways. However, it currently appears the Julia will be much weaker than Igor, and will probably have little impact on her big brother's track.
Figure 2. Historical plot of the tracks of the ten major September hurricanes that have passed closest to Igor's current location.
Caribbean disturbance 92L
Tropical disturbance (92L) over the Central Caribbean, centered about 100 miles south of Jamaica, has changed little over the past day. The storm remains a threat to develop into a tropical depression, but time is running out for it to do so. Satellite loops this morning do not show a surface circulation, but 92L does have a moderate area of intense disorganized thunderstorms that are bringing heavy rain to Jamaica this morning. Kingston, Jamaica has picked up 0.67" of rain thus far this morning from 92L.
Figure 3. Morning satellite image of 92L.
Forecast for 92L
Wind shear over 92L is low, 5 - 10 knots, and is expected to remain low to moderate for the next five days. The waters beneath are hot, 29.8°C, and these warm waters extend to great depth. Water vapor satellite loops show a large area of dry air lies to the north and west of 92L, and this dry air has been interfering with development of 92L. NHC is putting the odds of 92L developing into a tropical depression by Wednesday at 40%. Given the current disorganized state of 92L, it would be difficult for it to intensify quickly enough to become any stronger than a tropical storm with 50 mph winds by Wednesday, when it will move over Belize and Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. Once 92L crosses the Yucatan, the ridge of high pressure steering it is expected to remain in place, forcing 92L to a second landfall in Mexico several hundred miles south of the Texas border. A Hurricane Hunter aircraft is scheduled to investigate 92L this afternoon.
Julia
Tropical Storm Julia formed between the Cape Verdes Islands and coast of Africa yesterday, bringing some heavy rain squalls and gusty winds to the Cape Verdes, but no sustained winds of tropical storm force. Julia is headed northwest, out to sea, and it is unlikely that this storm will trouble any land areas . Shear is low enough over the next few days to allow Julia to become a hurricane, but shear will rise sharply 4 - 5 days from now, limiting the potential for Julia to become a major hurricane.
Elsewhere in the tropics
The NOGAPS model is calling for a new tropical depression to form off the coast of Africa 6 - 7 days from now.
Next post
I'll have a new post Tuesday morning.
Jeff Masters
Reader Comments
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gfs PGI45L
Hope is making the turn, it will be good for everyone and as predicet by the experts at the NHC
Yep - still heading West.
MARK
17.90N/50.90W
Umm ok... like...was the field wet?
NHC has not been "spot on". They are constantly moving their "cone of cover my butt" so it falls in the area. I'll be any of us could predict the Hurricane's eventual path and be 100% right if we could draw a 500 mile cone every six hours based on wherever the hurricane is at that moment.
Look, I get it. You think StormW is a wacko. I don't share your view. Perhaps he leaves too much interpetation and implication. Still, he is out there sharing his opinions and he has been right about that West movement. Maybe "pumping the ridge" isn't such a stupid concept afterall....
144 hours beginning of Lisa
Igor has lived up to the hype that everyone had for him. He is enormous and rivaling the size of Alex. A hurricane doesn't get much more beautiful than this:
.LONG TERM...NOTHING HAS REALLY CHANGED AT THIS TIME IN THE
EXTENDED. RIDGE REMAINS IN CONTROL OVER THE AREA AND THIS SHOULD
HELP TO KEEP RAIN CHANCES LOW. THE MDLS ARE TRYING TO INDICATE A
PATTERN SHIFT WITH THE MID LVL RIDGE AXIS MOVING EAST TWRDS THE WRN
ATLANTIC IN ABOUT 7-10 DAYS AND THIS COULD FINALLY LEAVE US A LITTLE
VULNERABLE TO TROPICAL ACTIVITY...JUST HAVE TO KEEP AN EYE ON
THINGS. AS FOR IGOR AND JULIA BOTH SHOULD EASILY REMAIN IN THE
ATLANTIC AND NOT POSE ANY SORT OF AN ISSUE FOR OUR AREA. OVERALL NO
MAJOR CHANGES MADE TO THE EXTENDED FORECAST WITH MOSTLY ISLTD DAILY
TSRA AND TEMPS HOVERING JUST ABV NORMAL. /CAB
hmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/tropic/real-time/atlantic/winds/wg8dlm1.html
You can see a gigantic ridge weakness from 55W to 75W, and I mean massive. Igor has to turn north before getting to 55W.
In light of this high and the current due west movement, what are the chances that Igor is going to defy the current models and continue westerly?
Agree. Timely post.
Off to dinner :)
So, hope you still good
Howdy! Just noticed the portion of the New Orleans discussion you posted. Seems like I've heard that before from somewhere...maybe StormW and Levi??
wrong steering layer, that is for weaker systems
Huge...I remember tracking it...It exploded just before hitting the Yucatan peninsula
You forgot to add "...and people that come in just to complain about the blog with nothing constructive to add..."
Not that I disagree with you about the first two, in large part (there are folks here that know what they're talking about), but you left yourself out of the mix...I hate it when people short change themselves
Where?
How about it is moving west AND following the NHC track
geez people get a grip
Yep, looking at the visible imagery today, the core of Igor was so stunning, I thought they (the National Hurricane Center) were going to push Igor's peak strength to 155 mph (max. cat 4) to possibly 160 mph (low-end cat. 5). But, I guess they haven't.
.
.
August 25th. The wave moved through the Cape Verde islands on the 26th, and
on the 27th convection became more consolidated over a low level center
along the wave. A tropical depression formed at this time, 365 nm W of the
Cape Verde Islands. Environmental conditions were very favorable for
development with low shear and warm SSTs. The tropical depression became
tropical storm Fabian by the 28th, and by the 30th Fabian strengthened into a
hurricane. Fabian then rapidly intensified, and reached its peak winds of
145 mph on September 1st, with a pressure of 943 mb. Fabian was 265 nm
ENE of the Lesser Antilles at this time. Fabian continued to be steered by the
sub-tropical ridge but, began heading more northerly and slowed as it
approached a weakness in the ridge. A trough over the U.S. east coast also
induced Fabian more northerly, on a collision course with Bermuda. Fabian
hit Bermuda on the 5th with winds of 115 mph, the eye wall passed over the
island and observers from the ground reported a calmness as the
fringe of the eye scraped by. Fabian then accelerated NE as it recurved ahead
of a trough, and began to weaken. Fabian lost major hurricane status on the
6th, and by the 8th became extra-tropical 700 nm ENE of Cape Race,
Newfoundland. It merged with another cyclone between Greenland and Iceland
on the 9th. Fabian was the worst hurricane for Bermuda in 77 years.
CMC 84 hours.. Karl in the BOC.
Link
ECMWF ensembles.. 96 hours out... Karl in the BOC.
GGEM (extension of the CMC) Karl in the BOC
UKMET, Karl in the BOC
NOGAPS, Karl in the BOC
That's not Alex, thats Igor!
My bad!
Where?????
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